Is next airliner a single or dual aisle?

By Bjorn Fehrm

19 Feb 2015: There has been much speculation over the last weeks and months what Boeing is up to in the segment 200 to 250 seats, also know as the “757 replacement market“. The speculations over Airbus response are also vivid. One of the reasons is that apart from this segment the landscape of which civil airliners will be produced over the next 10-15 years is pretty much settled; Cseries is on final stretch of development, A320neo is flying while 737 MAX flies next year. A330neo will fly 2017 as will 787-10. A350-1000 start testing in 2016 with deliveries in 2017 and 777-9X flies 2019 with deliveries 2020.

Apart from an announcement by Russia and China that they will design a 250-280 seat widebody there is only the “757 replacement” segment which can result in a clean sheet approach from the major OEMs. Around this questions has arisen a lot of speculation about possible short and long term solutions. Having done a lot of checking of these alternatives with our proprietary model, we have learned that:

  • The 757 has an attractive capacity but is around 25% less efficient than the new generation of single aisle, A321neo or 737 MAX9, on the routes they can fly.
  • Airbus could stretch the A321 into something we called A321neoLR and indeed Airbus was working on it, it is now in the market as A321LR.
  • While 737 MAX9 limitations prohibited a response from Boeing we compared Airbus A321neoLR to what Boeing might come up with in their clean sheet design studies NSA (New Single Aisle) and NLT (New Light Twin)
  • Subsequently a 757 MAX was proposed but Boeing immediately declared that it does not work for them and we explained why.
  • Based on Boeing’s statement that the market is looking for something “a little larger than a 757” we looked into a 767 MAX with 767-200 as the airframe (it would be readily available from the KC-46 program) with GEnx-2B engines (from 747-8, they would fit). Once again it does not pass the first check, efficiency would not be much better than 757.

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Bombardier’s crisis of confidence perhaps the biggest challenge for CSeries

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Introduction

Feb. 18, 2015, c. Leeham Co.: Alain Bellemare, Bombardier’s new president and chief executive officer, has his work cut out for him.

CSeries EIS v A320neo

Figure 1. The CSeries was supposed to enter service in late 2013, two full years ahead of the Airbus A320neo. This market advantage has been lost with repeated delays. BBD is sticking to its public statement that EIS is now the second half of this year (most put EIS in the fourth quarter), but there is growing belief EIS will slip to the first or even the second quarter of next year–after the A320neo EIS. Source: Bombardier, Airbus, Leeham Co. Click on image to enlarge into a crisp view.

We outlined the corporate and market perception challenges ahead of him in our Feb. 13 post. Investor and media reception to the CEO leadership change was mixed. Although Bellemare’s appointment was seen as a positive, stock traded down and Bombardier took a pounding in the press (see some reaction at the bottom of this post).

He also has challenges with a changing market place, driven by two years worth of delays in the CSeries program and exacerbated by a changing global political environment.

Summary

  • Bombardier faces a crisis in confidence from customers that has to be fixed.
  • The CSeries has lost its entry-into-service advantage over the Airbus A320neo and has reduced its advantage over the A319neo, the Boeing 737-8/7 and Embraer E-190/195 E2 EIS due to delays.
  • A changing global political environment poses additional risks to the CSeries skyline.

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Lufthansa fleet exec praises top-level change at Bombardier

Feb. 13, 2015, c. Leeham Co.: The appointment of Alain Bellemare as president and chief executive officer of Bombardier is viewed positively by the largest and most influential customer for the slow-selling CSeries, Lufthansa Airlines Group.

Nico Buchholz, EVP Fleet Management, Lufthansa Group.

Lufthansa has a firm order for 30 CSeries and options for 30 more. The Group’s subsidiary, Swiss, is to get the firm orders. The market anticipates that the Group could eventually exercise options for its other subsidiaries.

Nico Buchholz, executive vice president for fleet management for the Group, told Leeham News and Comment today that he has worked with Bellemare as a supplier-customer for years in his previous position as an executive of Pratt & Whitney.

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Bombardier 2014 earnings, 4Q negative cash flow at Aerospace, debt/equity plan

Feb. 12, 2015: Struggling under the strain of two years of delays for the CSeries, poor sales of the Q400 and CRJ and a disastrous LearJet program, the world’s commercial airplane maker shuffled its very top leadership and announced it would seek more than $2bn in new debt and equity as the fourth quarter negative cash flow exceeded $1bn.

Bombardier said in its press release: Read more

Alain Bellemare, ex-CEO of United Tech division named Bombardier CEO

Feb. 12, 2015: Alain M. Bellemare, 53, was named president and CEO at Bombardier , it was announced today ahead of the company’s 2014 earnings call. The appointment is a move to restore confidence in Bombardier, its Aerospace division and the CSeries program.

Stakeholders in the CSeries program we had talked to expressed a desire for Pierre Beaudoin, who has become executive chairman, to step down.

According to Bloomberg Business, Bellemare has been consultant at United Technologies Corp. since January 31, 2015. He previously was President and CEO of UTC Propulsion & Aerospace Systems from July 26, 2012, to January 31, 2015. He also served as the president of Pratt & Whitney Canada and a number of other executive positions. Read more

PNAA Conference: EMB’s John Slattery: Market share from deliveries key in measuring success

Quotations are paraphrased.

Feb. 11, 2015: You can market share from sales. We don’t make revenues from sales but from deliveries, says John Slattery, chief commercial officer for Embraer. EMB dominates in deliveries, he said at the Pacific Northwest Aerospace Alliance conference today in Lynnwood (WA). Read more

PNAA Conference: Aboulafia–“A lot of positivity” (except for A380, 787)

Feb. 11, 2015: We’re at the Pacific Northwest Aerospace Alliance conference in Lynnwood (WA) north of Seattle. This is the 14th annual conference. Appearing are consultant Richard Aboulafia, Airbus, Boeing, Embraer and a number of key suppliers.

This is the first of several reports, beginning with Aboulafia, of the consulting firm Teal Group. We’ll be reporting in the format of paraphrasing his and other presenters.

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Odds and Ends: CSeries; Mitsubishi MRJ; Air France; Saving airlines

CSeries: Bombardier provided a short update from program head Rob Dewar in advance of its 2014 earnings call Thursday. The flutter test has been completed, CS300 is moving toward joining the flight test fleet and the fleet has completed 900 hours of the 2,400 required toward certification.

  • BBD today revealed the identify of the customer for 24 CRJ-900s, announced Dec. 30: it’s American Airlines.
  • Luxair plans to order some Q400s to replace its Embraer E145 jets.

MRJ90: The Mitsubishi MRJ is Japan’s first commercial airliner since the YS-11 turboprop in the last century. It’s a bold project intended to break into a highly competitive market sector. Air&Space magazine of the Smithsonian Institute profiles the MRJ.

Air France: Aviation Week has a dark opinion of the future of Air France. It’s worth a read.

Saving airlines: While Aviation Week has a dim view on the future of Air France, The Wall Street Journal has a piece about how private equity saved airlines. (Subscription may be required).

 

Regional operations with the Turboprop, prop-jet or Jet

By Bjorn Fehrm

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Introduction

08 Feb 2015: Passenger traffic is growing the world over on a regional, domestic and international level. For domestic and international airlines the choice of mainline transport aircraft is clear today: there are only two vendors, Boeing and Airbus, and they produce similar products.

For regional transportation there is more choice. First of all, one can chose typeleehamlogo copyright 2015 small 210_87 pixels of aircraft, turboprop or jet. Within jet, there are several OEMs that are active. The choice in turboprop is more restricted. In practice, the choice stands between the classical turboprop with ATR and a faster type from Bombardier, the Q400 “Prop-Jet” as it is called, as its speed lands between the classical turboprop and regional jet.

The question is, what are the real differences between them in terms of design, passenger comfort and economics and what is the right choice for a market segment? We will take a deeper look into this by analyzing the ATR72 as the classical turboprop, the Bombardier Q400 as the Prop-Jet and CRJ700 as the regional jet.

Summary:

  • The ATR72-600, Bombardier Q400 and CRJ700 are all about the same size, around 70-80 seats single class or 60-70 seats dual class.
  • They offer different comfort levels, and it is not all about speed.
  • In developing the economics in two steps we seek the crossover points between the different types.

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Single-aisle values, lease rates stable; smaller mainline jets struggle

Special to Leeham News and Comment

By Gueric Dechavanne
Collateral Verifications

Feb. 8, 2015: Apart from a few unfortunate events, the industry has been moving along quite nicely so far in 2015. Used single-aisle aircraft values and lease rates have remained somewhat stable for the most part whilst new aircraft continue to be in demand which means a competitive landscape for those looking to invest in the types. On the in-production front, Airbus A319s, A330-200s, and Boeing 737-700s continue to struggle to find homes as many operators look to their larger siblings for lift. Airbus A320s, 321s, 330-300s, A350-900, Boeing 737-800s, 777-300ERs, and 787s continue to be the aircraft of choice, which in turn has stabilized and even strengthened values and lease rates for most. We are starting to see some softening in 777 values, which we believe is due to the competitive nature of some of the Boeing campaigns to fill the order book until the 777X enters service.

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